The City of Bristol's Backyard Wine Gardens: Foot-Stomping Grapes in Urban Gardens
Every quarter of an hour or so, an ageing diesel-powered train arrives at a graffiti-covered station. Close by, a police siren pierces the almost continuous road noise. Commuters hurry past falling apart, ivy-covered garden fences as rain clouds form.
This is maybe the last place you expect to find a well-established vineyard. However James Bayliss-Smith has cultivated four dozen established plants heavy with round purplish grapes on a sprawling allotment sandwiched between a row of 1930s houses and a local rail line just above the city downtown.
"I've seen individuals concealing illegal substances or other items in the shrubbery," says Bayliss-Smith. "Yet you just get on with it ... and continue caring for your vines."
The cameraman, 46, a filmmaker who runs a fermented beverage company, is among several urban winemaker. He's organized a loose collective of growers who make vintage from several hidden urban vineyards tucked away in back gardens and allotments across Bristol. The project is sufficiently underground to have an official name so far, but the collective's WhatsApp group is called Grape Expectations.
City Vineyards Around the Globe
So far, Bayliss-Smith's allotment is the only one registered in the City Vineyard Network's forthcoming world atlas, which includes better-known city vineyards such as the eighteen hundred vines on the slopes of Paris's renowned Montmartre neighbourhood and over 3,000 vines with views of and within Turin. Based in Italy charitable organization is at the forefront of a movement re-establishing urban grape cultivation in historic wine-producing countries, but has discovered them all over the world, including urban centers in Japan, South Asia and Central Asia.
"Vineyards help cities stay greener and ecologically varied. They protect open space from development by creating long-term, productive farming plots inside cities," explains the organization's leader.
Like all wines, those created in cities are a product of the earth the plants thrive in, the vagaries of the climate and the people who care for the fruit. "Each vintage embodies the beauty, local spirit, landscape and history of a urban center," adds the president.
Unknown Eastern European Variety
Back in the city, Bayliss-Smith is in a race against time to gather the grapevines he cultivated from a plant left in his allotment by a Polish family. Should the rain comes, then the birds may take advantage to attack once more. "Here we have the mystery Eastern European grape," he says, as he cleans bruised and mouldy berries from the glistering clusters. "We don't really know their exact classification, but they're definitely disease-resistant. Unlike premium grapes – Burgundy grapes, white wine grapes and additional renowned European varieties – you need not treat them with chemicals ... this is possibly a unique cultivar that was bred by the Soviets."
Collective Activities Across Bristol
Additional participants of the collective are additionally taking advantage of bright periods between showers of autumn rain. At a rooftop garden overlooking the city's shimmering harbour, where historic trading ships once bobbed with casks of vintage from France and the Iberian peninsula, one cultivator is harvesting her rondo grapes from about 50 vines. "I adore the smell of these vines. The scent is so evocative," she remarks, stopping with a basket of fruit slung over her shoulder. "It recalls the fragrance of southern France when you open the vehicle windows on vacation."
Grant, 52, who has spent over two decades working for charitable groups in war-torn regions, unexpectedly took over the grape garden when she moved back to the United Kingdom from Kenya with her family in recent years. She felt an strong responsibility to look after the grapevines in the garden of their recently acquired property. "This plot has already survived three different owners," she says. "I really like the concept of natural stewardship – of passing this on to someone else so they can keep cultivating from the soil."
Sloping Vineyards and Traditional Production
Nearby, the remaining cultivators of the group are hard at work on the steep inclines of the local river valley. Jo Scofield has established over one hundred fifty vines perched on terraces in her expansive property, which descends towards the muddy River Avon. "Visitors frequently express amazement," she notes, gesturing towards the tangled grape garden. "They can't believe they are viewing rows of vines in a urban neighborhood."
Currently, the filmmaker, 60, is picking bunches of deep violet dark berries from lines of vines arranged along the cliff-side with the assistance of her daughter, Luca. Scofield, a documentary producer who has worked on streaming service's Great National Parks series and BBC Two's Gardeners' World, was motivated to cultivate vines after observing her neighbor's grapevines. She's discovered that hobbyists can produce intriguing, pleasurable traditional vintage, which can command prices of upwards of £7 a serving in the increasing quantity of establishments specialising in minimal-intervention wines. "It's just incredibly satisfying that you can actually make quality, natural wine," she says. "It's very on trend, but really it's reviving an traditional method of making vintage."
"When I tread the grapes, all the wild yeasts are released from the skins into the liquid," explains Scofield, partially submerged in a container of small branches, seeds and crimson juice. "That's how vintages were made traditionally, but commercial producers add preservatives to eliminate the wild yeast and subsequently add a commercially produced yeast."
Difficult Environments and Creative Solutions
A few doors down active senior Bob Reeve, who inspired his neighbor to establish her grapevines, has gathered his companions to harvest Chardonnay grapes from the 100 plants he has arranged precisely across multiple levels. Reeve, a northern English PE teacher who worked at Bristol University developed a passion for wine on regular visits to France. But it is a difficult task to cultivate Chardonnay grapes in the humidity of the valley, with temperature fluctuations sweeping in and out from the Bristol Channel. "I wanted to produce Burgundian wines here, which is a bit bonkers," says Reeve with a smile. "Chardonnay is slow-maturing and very sensitive to fungal infections."
"I wanted to make Burgundian wines here, which is a bit bonkers"
The unpredictable local weather is not the sole problem faced by grape cultivators. Reeve has had to erect a fence on